树莓派4b安装pve开小机

Hsj 收录于教程

2026-02-01 约 1464 字预计阅读 3 分钟

这篇文章介绍了如何在树莓派4b上安装pve

注意

注1、安装好后的web ui地址https://192.168.1.7:8006/

1 安装Debian官方系统

1.1 下载Debian镜像

国内可以在清华源下载Debian的arm64网络安装镜像

1.2 下载树莓派4b uefi固件

安装Debian官方镜像需要uefi引导可在Raspberry Pi 4 UEFI Firmware Images项目下载

1.3 安装Debian

首先用DiskGenius分区工具将准备安装系统的sd卡或u盘重新分区为GUID分区表，创建100m的esp分区，其余空间保持空白。将Raspberry Pi 4 UEFI Firmware解压，并放置到esp分区根目录。另一个u盘做镜像安装盘用ventoy制作一个启动盘，放置下载的Debian镜像，然后按正常流程安装Debian。

2 安装Proxmox VE

2.1 文档安装

目前pve官方只支持x86处理器，没有arm版本，梨儿方移植到了arm我们按照文档从Debian安装到pve，按照顺序做到配置静态ip一步由于我用的是WiFi，配置文件如下

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
        wpa-ssid CU_REx3_5G
        wpa-psk  6d54dx54
        address 192.168.1.7/24
        gateway 192.168.1.1

大家可结合实际修改。重启几次确认ifupdown2配置的网络没有问题在apt安装pve

2.2 安装完的网络配置

x86的官方pve在web ui进行配置就可以了，这个移植的pve网络那里的应用配置按键不起作用，我们要通过命令手动修改网络配置

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

放入如下配置文件

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
        wpa-ssid CU_REx3_5G
        wpa-psk  6d54dx54
        address 192.168.1.7/24
        gateway 192.168.1.1

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address 10.0.0.1/24
        bridge-ports none
        bridge-stp off
        bridge-fd 0
        post-up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
        post-up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s '10.0.0.0/24' -o wlan0 -j MASQUERADE
        post-down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s '10.0.0.0/24' -o wlan0 -j MASQUERADE

        # 192.168.1.7:13522    ->    10.0.0.13:22
        post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i wlan0 -p tcp --dport 13522 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.13:22
        post-down iptables -t nat -D PREROUTING -i wlan0 -p tcp --dport 13522 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.13:22
        # 192.168.1.7:9030    ->    10.0.0.13:9030
        post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i wlan0 -p tcp --dport 9030 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.13:9030
        post-down iptables -t nat -D PREROUTING -i wlan0 -p tcp --dport 9030 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.13:9030
        # 192.168.1.7:13622    ->    10.0.0.15:22
        post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i wlan0 -p tcp --dport 13622 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.15:22
        post-down iptables -t nat -D PREROUTING -i wlan0 -p tcp --dport 13622 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.15:22
        # 192.168.1.7:5666    ->    10.0.0.16:5666
        post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i wlan0 -p tcp --dport 5666 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.16:5666
        post-down iptables -t nat -D PREROUTING -i wlan0 -p tcp --dport 5666 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.16:5666

重启网络

systemctl restart networking

配置网络时随时可能出现网络不可用，需要临时配置ip和网关

sudo ip addr add 192.168.1.7/24 dev wlan0  # 设置IP

sudo ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev wlan0  # 设置网关

这个网络配置是vmbr0作为内网10.0.0.0的nat网段桥接到wlan0

3 注意事项

3.1 临时配置代理

export http_proxy="http://127.0.0.1:28080"

3.2 重启设备可能出现网卡配置丢失

注意，web ui修改网络配置，重启可能出现网卡配置文件丢失问题，如无法ping通baidu.com可以查看，网络配置是否丢失了一部分，重新写入完整配置文件。

3.3 vm虚拟机网卡选择

vm虚拟机安装时需要选择e1000网卡兼容nat网络，安装完成后需要换回VirtIO

3.4 虚拟机重启概率性断网

虚拟机vm不能重启，要关机后启动，不然概率性断网。

3.5 可先创建alpine的lxc容器测试pve网络配置是否正常。

3.6 vps上部署pve网络配置文件

# network interface settings; autogenerated
# Please do NOT modify this file directly, unless you know what
# you're doing.
#
# If you want to manage parts of the network configuration manually,
# please utilize the 'source' or 'source-directory' directives to do
# so.
# PVE will preserve these directives, but will NOT read its network
# configuration from sourced files, so do not attempt to move any of
# the PVE managed interfaces into external files!

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

iface eth0 inet manual
	dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
	address 107.175.254.113/24
	gateway 107.175.254.1
	bridge-ports eth0
	bridge-stp off
	bridge-fd 0

auto vmbr1
iface vmbr1 inet static
	address 10.0.0.1/24
	bridge-ports none
	bridge-stp off
	bridge-fd 0
        post-up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
        post-up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s '10.0.0.0/24' -o vmbr0 -j MASQUERADE
        post-down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s '10.0.0.0/24' -o vmbr0 -j MASQUERADE

        # --- 新增的端口转发规则 ---
        # 将公网 12522 转发到容器 10.0.0.10 的 22 端口
        post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i vmbr0 -p tcp --dport 12522 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.10:22
        post-down iptables -t nat -D PREROUTING -i vmbr0 -p tcp --dport 12522 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.10:22
        # 将公网 12322 转发到容器 10.0.0.11 的 22 端口
        post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i vmbr0 -p tcp --dport 12322 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.11:22
        post-down iptables -t nat -D PREROUTING -i vmbr0 -p tcp --dport 12322 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.11:22


source /etc/network/interfaces.d/sdn